<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><section ID="_14_CLINICAL_STUDIES">
<id root="7f94614e-2b2a-4164-bdcf-a30f242d2003"/>
<code code="34092-7" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="CLINICAL STUDIES SECTION"/>
<title>14 CLINICAL STUDIES</title>
<effectiveTime value="20250701"/>
<component>
<section ID="_14_1_Efficacy_Studies">
<id root="a65dada5-3d9b-49e5-9c9f-81f592c26b31"/>
<code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
<title>14.1 Efficacy Studies of FluMist in Children</title>
<text>
<paragraph>A multi-national, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial (MI-CP111) was performed to assess the efficacy of FluMist compared to an intramuscularly administered, inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine manufactured by Sanofi Pasteur Inc. (active control) in children 6 months to less than 5 years of age during the 2004-2005 influenza season. A total number of 3916 children without severe asthma, without use of bronchodilator or steroids, and without wheezing within the prior 6 weeks were randomized to FluMist and 3936 were randomized to active control. Children who previously received any influenza vaccine received a single dose of study vaccine, while those who never previously received an influenza vaccination (or had an unknown history of influenza vaccination) received two doses. Participants were then followed through the influenza season to identify illness caused by influenza virus. As the primary endpoint, culture-confirmed modified CDC-ILI (CDC-defined influenza-like illness) was defined as a positive culture for a wild-type influenza virus associated within ±7 days of modified CDC-ILI. Modified CDC-ILI was defined as fever (temperature ≥100°F oral or equivalent) with cough, sore throat, or runny nose/nasal congestion on the same or consecutive days.</paragraph>
<paragraph>In the primary efficacy analysis, FluMist demonstrated a 44.5% (95% CI: 22.4, 60.6) reduction in influenza rate compared to active control as measured by culture-confirmed modified CDC-ILI caused by wild-type strains antigenically similar to those contained in the vaccine. See Table 4 for a description of the results by strain and antigenic similarity.</paragraph>
<table ID="table6" width="100%">
<caption>Table 4: Comparative Efficacy Against Culture-Confirmed Modified CDC-ILI<footnote ID="_Ref497474721">Modified CDC-ILI was defined as fever (temperature ≥ 100°F oral or equivalent) plus cough, sore throat, or runny nose/nasal congestion on the same or consecutive days.</footnote> Caused by Wild-Type Strains (Study MI-CP111)<footnote ID="_Ref497474859">In children 6 months through 5 years of age.</footnote>
<footnote ID="_Ref497474865">NCT00128167; see <linkHtml href="https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/">www.clinicaltrials.gov</linkHtml>.</footnote>
</caption>
<col width="17%"/>
<col width="8%"/>
<col width="9%"/>
<col width="11%"/>
<col width="8%"/>
<col width="10%"/>
<col width="12%"/>
<col width="12%"/>
<col width="14%"/>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" styleCode="Botrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph> </paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" colspan="3" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">FluMist</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" colspan="3" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">Active Control</content>
<footnote ID="_Ref497474873">Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine manufactured by Sanofi Pasteur Inc., administered intramuscularly.</footnote>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="2" styleCode="Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">%</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">Reduction </content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">in Rate for FluMist</content>
<footnote ID="_Ref497474899">Reduction in rate was adjusted for country, age, prior influenza vaccination status, and wheezing history status.</footnote>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" rowspan="2" styleCode="Botrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> </paragraph>
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">95% CI</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" styleCode="Toprule Botrule " valign="bottom">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">N</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Toprule Botrule " valign="bottom">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold"># of </content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">Cases</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Toprule Botrule " valign="bottom">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">Rate</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">(cases/N)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="bottom">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">N</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Toprule Botrule " valign="bottom">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold"># of </content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">Cases</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Toprule Botrule " valign="bottom">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">Rate</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">(cases/N)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" valign="top">
<paragraph> Matched Strains</paragraph>
</td>
<td colspan="2" styleCode="Rrule Toprule " valign="top"/>
<td colspan="3" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top"/>
<td colspan="2" styleCode="Lrule Toprule " valign="top"/>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> All strains</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 53</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 1.4%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 93</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 2.4%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 44.5%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 22.4, 60.6</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> A/H1N1</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.1%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 27</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.7%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 89.2%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 67.7, 97.4</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> A/H3N2</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 0</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.0%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 0</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.0%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> --</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> --</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> B</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 50</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 1.3%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 67</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 1.7%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 27.3%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> -4.8, 49.9</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" styleCode="Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>Mismatched Strains</paragraph>
</td>
<td colspan="2" styleCode="Rrule Toprule " valign="top"/>
<td styleCode="Toprule " valign="top"/>
<td colspan="2" styleCode="Rrule Toprule " valign="top"/>
<td colspan="2" styleCode="Toprule " valign="top"/>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> All strains</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 102</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 2.6%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 245</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 6.2%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 58.2%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 47.4, 67.0</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> A/H1N1</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 0</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.0%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 0</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.0%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> --</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> --</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> A/H3N2</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 37</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.9%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 178</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 4.5%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 79.2%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 70.6, 85.7</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> B</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 66</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 1.7%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 71</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 1.8%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 6.3%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> -31.6, 33.3</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>Regardless of Match</paragraph>
</td>
<td colspan="3" styleCode="Rrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> </paragraph>
</td>
<td colspan="3" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top"/>
<td styleCode="Lrule Toprule " valign="top"/>
<td styleCode="Toprule " valign="top"/>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> All strains</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 153</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3.9%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 338</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 8.6%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 54.9%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 45.4, 62.9</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> A/H1N1</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.1%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 27</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.7%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 89.2%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 67.7, 97.4</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<paragraph> A/H3N2</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 37</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0.9%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 178</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 4.5%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 79.2%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<paragraph> 70.6, 85.7</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> B</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3916</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 115</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 2.9%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3936</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 136</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 3.5%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 16.1%</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> -7.7, 34.7</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="justify" colspan="9" valign="top">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="italics">ATP Population.</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<paragraph>A randomized, double-blind, saline placebo-controlled trial (D153-P501) was performed to evaluate the efficacy of FluMist in children 12 through 35 months of age without high-risk medical conditions against culture-confirmed influenza illness. This study was performed in Asia over two successive seasons (2000-2001 and 2001-2002). The primary endpoint of the trial was the prevention of culture-confirmed influenza illness due to antigenically matched wild-type influenza. Respiratory illness that prompted an influenza culture was defined as at least one of the following: fever (≥100.4°F rectal or ≥99.5°F axillary), wheezing, shortness of breath, pulmonary congestion, pneumonia, or otitis media; or two of the following: runny nose/nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, muscle aches, chills, headache, irritability, decreased activity, or vomiting.<content styleCode="bold"> </content>A total of 3174 children were randomized 3:2 (vaccine:placebo) to receive 2 doses of study vaccine or placebo at least 28 days<content styleCode="bold"> </content>apart in Year 1. See Table 5 for a description of the results.</paragraph>
<paragraph>During the second year of Study D153-P501, for children who received two doses in Year 1 and one dose in Year 2, FluMist demonstrated 84.3% (95% CI: 70.1, 92.4) efficacy against culture-confirmed influenza illness due to antigenically matched wild-type influenza.</paragraph>
<paragraph>Study AV006 was a second multi-center, randomized, double-blind, AF-SPG placebo-controlled trial performed in U.S. children without high-risk medical conditions to evaluate the efficacy of FluMist against culture-confirmed influenza over two successive seasons (1996-1997 and 1997-1998). The primary endpoint of the trial was the prevention of culture-confirmed influenza illness due to antigenically matched wild-type influenza in children who received two doses of vaccine in the first year and a single revaccination dose in the second year.<content styleCode="bold"> </content>Respiratory illness that prompted an influenza culture was defined as at least one of the following: fever (≥101°F rectal or oral; or ≥100.4°F axillary), wheezing, shortness of breath, pulmonary congestion, pneumonia, or otitis media; or two of the following: runny nose/nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, muscle aches, chills, headache, irritability, decreased activity, or vomiting. During the first year of the study, 1602 children 15 through 71 months of age were randomized 2:1 (vaccine:placebo). See Table 5 for a description of the results.</paragraph>
<table ID="table7" styleCode="Noautorules" width="100%">
<caption>Table 5: Efficacy<footnote ID="_Ref497475033">D153-P501 and AV006 data are for subjects who received two doses of study vaccine.</footnote> of FluMist vs. Placebo Against Culture-Confirmed Influenza Illness Due to Antigenically Matched Wild-Type Strains (Studies D153-P501<footnote ID="_Ref497475555">In children 12 through 35 months of age.</footnote> & AV006<footnote ID="_Ref497475563">In children 15 through 71 months of age.</footnote>, Year 1)</caption>
<col width="12%"/>
<col width="12%"/>
<col width="12%"/>
<col width="17%"/>
<col width="12%"/>
<col width="18%"/>
<col width="17%"/>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> </paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" colspan="3" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">D153-P501</content>
<footnote ID="_Ref497475621">NCT00192244; see <linkHtml href="https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/">www.clinicaltrials.gov</linkHtml>.</footnote>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" colspan="3" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">AV006</content>
<footnote ID="_Ref497475635">NCT00192179; see <linkHtml href="https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/">www.clinicaltrials.gov</linkHtml>.</footnote>
</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Rrule Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> </paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">FluMist</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">n</content>
<footnote ID="_Ref497475643">Number and percent of subjects in per-protocol efficacy analysis population with culture-confirmed influenza illness.</footnote>
<content styleCode="bold">(%)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">Placebo</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">n</content>
<footnoteRef IDREF="_Ref497475643"/>
<content styleCode="bold">(%)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">% Efficacy</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">(95% CI)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">FluMist</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">n</content>
<footnoteRef IDREF="_Ref497475643"/>
<content styleCode="bold">(%)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">Placebo</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">n</content>
<footnoteRef IDREF="_Ref497475643"/>
<content styleCode="bold">(%)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">% Efficacy</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">(95% CI)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Rrule Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> </paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">N</content>
<footnote ID="_Ref497475687">Number of subjects in per-protocol efficacy analysis population of each treatment group of each study for the “any strain” analysis.</footnote>
<content styleCode="bold"> = 1653</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">N</content>
<footnoteRef IDREF="_Ref497475687"/>
<content styleCode="bold"> = 1111</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> </paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">N</content>
<footnoteRef IDREF="_Ref497475687"/>
<content styleCode="bold"> = 849</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph>N<footnoteRef IDREF="_Ref497475687"/> = 410</paragraph>
</td>
<td styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> </paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Rrule Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> Any strain</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 56 (3.4%) </paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph>139 (12.5%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 72.9%<footnote ID="_Ref497475724">For D153-P501, influenza circulated through 12 months following vaccination.</footnote>
<br/>(62.8, 80.5)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 10 (1%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 73 (18%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 93.4%<br/>(87.5, 96.5)</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Rrule Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> A/H1N1</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 23 (1.4%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 81 (7.3%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 80.9%<br/>(69.4, 88.5)<footnote ID="_Ref497475732">Estimate includes A/H1N1 and A/H1N2 strains. Both were considered antigenically similar to the vaccine.</footnote>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 0</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> --</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Rrule Lrule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> A/H3N2</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 4 (0.2%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 27 (2.4%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 90.0%<br/>(71.4, 97.5)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 4 (0.5%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 48 (12%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Lrule Toprule Botrule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 96.0%<br/>(89.4, 98.5)</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> B</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 29 (1.8%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 35 (3.2%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 44.3%<br/>(6.2, 67.2)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 6 (0.7%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 31 (7%)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> 90.5%<br/>(78.0, 95.9)</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<paragraph>During the second year of Study AV006, children remained in the same treatment group as in Year 1 and received a single dose of FluMist or placebo. During the second year, the primary circulating strain was the A/Sydney/05/97 H3N2 strain, which was antigenically dissimilar from the H3N2 strain represented in the vaccine, A/Wuhan/359/95; FluMist demonstrated 87.0% (95% CI: 77.0, 92.6) efficacy against culture-confirmed influenza illness.</paragraph>
</text>
<effectiveTime value="20250701"/>
</section>
</component>
<component>
<section ID="_14_3_Effectiveness_Study">
<id root="69e13f0d-ac5d-4e32-ba5d-872ae23ae023"/>
<code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
<title>14.2 Effectiveness Study of FluMist in Adults</title>
<text>
<paragraph>AV009 was a U.S. multi-center, randomized, double-blind, AF-SPG placebo-controlled trial to evaluate effectiveness of FluMist in adults 18 through 64 years of age without high-risk medical conditions over the 1997-1998 influenza season. Participants were randomized 2:1 (vaccine:placebo). Cultures for influenza virus were not obtained from subjects in the trial, thus efficacy against culture-confirmed influenza was not assessed. The A/Wuhan/359/95 (H3N2) strain, which was contained in FluMist, was antigenically distinct from the predominant circulating strain of influenza virus during the trial period, A/Sydney/05/97 (H3N2). Type A/Wuhan (H3N2) and Type B strains also circulated in the U.S. during the study period. The primary endpoint of the trial was the reduction in the proportion of participants with one or more episodes of any febrile illness, and prospective secondary endpoints were severe febrile illness and febrile upper respiratory illness. Effectiveness for any of the three endpoints was not demonstrated in a subgroup of adults 50 through 64 years of age. Primary and secondary effectiveness endpoints from the age group 18 through 49 years are presented in Table 6. Effectiveness was not demonstrated for the primary endpoint in adults 18 through 49 years of age.</paragraph>
<table ID="table8" styleCode="Noautorules" width="100%">
<caption>Table 6: Effectiveness of FluMist to Prevent Febrile Illness in Adults 18 through 49 Years of Age During the 7-Week Site-Specific Outbreak Period (Study AV009)</caption>
<col width="37%"/>
<col width="18%"/>
<col width="17%"/>
<col width="13%"/>
<col width="16%"/>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">Endpoint</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">FluMist</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">N = 2411<footnote ID="_Ref497475819">Number of evaluable subjects (92.7% and 93.0% of FluMist and placebo recipients, respectively).</footnote>
<sup> </sup>
<br/>n (%)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <content styleCode="bold">Placebo</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">N = 1226<footnoteRef IDREF="_Ref497475819"/>
<br/>n (%)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">Percent</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">Reduction</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">(95% CI)</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<content styleCode="bold">Participants with one or more </content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">events of:</content>
<footnote ID="_Ref497475925">The predominantly circulating virus during the trial period was A/Sydney/05/97 (H3N2), an antigenic variant not included in the vaccine.</footnote>
<br/>Primary Endpoint:<br/>Any febrile illness<br/>Secondary Endpoints:<br/>Severe febrile illness<br/>Febrile upper respiratory illness</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<br/>
<br/>
<br/>331 (13.73)<br/>
<br/>250 (10.37)<br/>213 (8.83)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<br/>
<br/>
<br/>189 (15.42)<br/>
<br/>158 (12.89)<br/>142 (11.58)</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph>
<br/>
<br/>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">10.9</content>
<br/>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">19.5</content>
<br/>
<content styleCode="bold">23.7</content>
</paragraph>
</td>
<td align="center" styleCode="Rrule Botrule Lrule Toprule " valign="top">
<paragraph> <br/>
<br/>
<br/>(-5.1, 24.4)<br/>
<br/>(3.0, 33.2)<br/>(6.7, 37.5)</paragraph>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<paragraph>Effectiveness was shown in a post-hoc analysis using an endpoint of CDC-ILI in the age group 18 through 49 years of age.</paragraph>
</text>
<effectiveTime value="20250701"/>
</section>
</component>
<component>
<section ID="_14_5_Concomitantly_Administered">
<id root="e5763ef2-01f5-4047-b1d5-bb54d99e096c"/>
<code code="42229-5" codeSystem="2.16.840.1.113883.6.1" displayName="SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION"/>
<title>14.3 Concomitantly Administered Live Virus Vaccines</title>
<text>
<paragraph>In Study AV018, concomitant administration of FluMist, MMR (manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.) and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live (manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.) was studied in 1245 subjects 12 through 15 months of age. Subjects were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to MMR, Varicella vaccine and AF-SPG placebo (group 1); MMR, Varicella vaccine and FluMist (group 2); or FluMist alone (group 3). Immune responses to MMR and Varicella vaccines were evaluated 6 weeks post-vaccination while the immune responses to FluMist were evaluated 4 weeks after the second dose. No evidence of interference with immune response to measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and FluMist vaccines was observed.</paragraph>
</text>
<effectiveTime value="20250701"/>
</section>
</component>
</section>